Pakupanga kwazinthu, kuwonetsetsa kuti kutsatiridwa ndi malamulo ndi miyezo yoyenera ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa chitetezo, mtundu, komanso kulandiridwa kwa msika. Zofunikira pakutsata zimasiyana malinga ndi dziko ndi mafakitale, chifukwa chake makampani amayenera kumvetsetsa ndikutsata zomwe zikufunika paziphaso. M'munsimu muli mfundo zazikuluzikulu zotsatiridwa pakupanga zinthu:
Miyezo Yotetezedwa (UL, CE, ETL):
Mayiko ambiri amalamula kuti zinthu ziziwayendera bwino pofuna kuteteza ogula ku ngozi. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, zogulitsa ziyenera kutsatira miyezo ya Underwriters Laboratories (UL), pomwe ku Canada, chiphaso cha EUROLAB cha ETL chimadziwika kwambiri. Masatifiketi awa amayang'ana kwambiri chitetezo chamagetsi, kukhazikika kwazinthu, komanso kukhudzidwa kwachilengedwe. Kusatsatira mfundozi kungayambitse kukumbukira zinthu, nkhani zamalamulo, ndikuwononga mbiri yamtundu. Ku Europe, zogulitsa ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za chizindikiritso cha CE, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi miyezo ya EU yaumoyo, chitetezo, ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe.
Kugwirizana kwa EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility):
Miyezo ya EMC imawonetsetsa kuti zida zamagetsi sizikusokoneza zida zina kapena maukonde olumikizirana. Kutsatira kumafunika pazinthu zambiri zamagetsi ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri m'magawo monga EU (CE marking) ndi United States (malamulo a FCC). Kuyesa kwa EMC nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'ma laboratories a chipani chachitatu. Ku Minewing, timagwirizana ndi ma lab ovomerezeka, kuwonetsetsa kuti zogulitsa zathu zikukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ya EMC, motero kumathandizira kulowa bwino pamsika.
Malamulo a Zachilengedwe ndi Kukhazikika (RoHS, WEEE, REACH):**
Mochulukirachulukira, misika yapadziko lonse lapansi ikufuna zinthu zomwe sizingawononge chilengedwe. Lamulo la Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS), lomwe limaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zapoizoni pazida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, ndilovomerezeka ku EU ndi madera ena. Momwemonso, malangizo a Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) amakhazikitsa zosonkhanitsira, zobwezeretsanso, ndikubwezeretsa zinyalala zamagetsi, ndipo REACH imayang'anira kalembera ndi kuwunika kwa mankhwala omwe ali muzinthu. Malamulowa amakhudza kasankhidwe ka zinthu ndi kapangidwe ka zinthu. Ku Minewing, tadzipereka kukhazikika ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu zikukwaniritsa malamulowa.
Miyezo Yogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu (ENERGY STAR, ERP):
Kuchita bwino kwa mphamvu ndi chinthu china chofunikira pakuwongolera. Ku US, satifiketi ya ENERGY STAR imawonetsa zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, pomwe ku EU, zinthu ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za Energy-Related Products (ERP). Malamulowa amawonetsetsa kuti zogulitsa zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera komanso zimathandizira kuti zitheke.
Kugwirizana ndi Ma Labs Ovomerezeka:
Kuyesa ndi certification ndi mbali zofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu. Ku Minewing, timamvetsetsa kufunikira kwa njirazi, chifukwa chake, timathandizana ndi ma laboratories ovomerezeka kuti tithandizire njira zoperekera ziphaso za zizindikiro zofunika. Mgwirizanowu sikuti umangotilola kufulumizitsa kutsatira malamulowo komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe timagula komanso kutsimikizira makasitomala athu kuti katundu wathu ndi wabwino komanso amatsatira malamulo ake.
Pomaliza, kumvetsetsa ndi kutsatira zofunikira za certification ndikofunikira pakupanga bwino kwazinthu komanso kulowa msika. Pokhala ndi ziphaso zoyenera, komanso mgwirizano ndi ma lab akatswiri, makampani amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti malonda awo akukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso ziyembekezo zamisika yosiyanasiyana yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-12-2024